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Weights, Measures, Conversions and Substitutions:

Weights & Measures How Much & How Many Can Size Emergency Substitution
2 Cups = 16 oz. = 1 Pint
1 1/2 Cups = 12 oz
1 Cup = 8 oz
1/2 Cup = 4 oz
1/4 Cup = 2 oz
2 tablespoons = 1 oz

Weights and Measures

Conversions Conversions
3 teaspoons = 1 Tablespoon 1 cup = 8 fluid ounces
4 Tablespoons = 1/4 cup 1 cup = 1/2 pint
5 1/3 Tablespoons = 1/3 cup 2 cup = 1 pint
8 Tablespoons = 1/2 cup 4 cup = 1 quart
10 2/3 Tablespoons = 2/3 cup 4 quarts = 1 gallon
12 Tablespoons = 3/4 cup 8 quarts = 1 peck
16 Tablespoons = 1 cup 4 pecks = 1 bushel
1 ounce = 28.35 grams 1 quart = 946.4 mililiters
1 gram = 0.035 ounces 1 liter = 1.06 quarts

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How Much, And How Many

How Much... = How Many

2 tablespoons butter =

 1 ounce
1 stick or 1/4 pound butter = 1/2 cup
1 square chocolate = 1 ounce
28 saltine crackers = 1 cup fine crumbs
14 square graham crackers = 1 cup fine crumbs
24 vanilla wafers = 1 cup fine crumbs
1 1/2 slices bread = 1 cup soft crumbs
1 slice bread = 1/4 cup fine dry crumbs
4 ounces macaroni (1-1 1/4 cups)= 2 1/4 cups cooked
4 ounces noodles (1 1/2-2 cups) = 2 cups cooked
7 ounces spaghetti = 4 cups cooked
1 cup packaged precooked rice = 2 cups cooked
Juice of 1 lemon = 3 tablespoons
Grated peel of 1 lemon = 1 teaspoon
Grated peel of 1 orange = about 2 teaspoons
1 medium apple, chopped = about 1 cup
1 medium onion, chopped = 1/2 cup
1 cup whipping cream = 2 cups whipped
1 pound American cheese, shredded = 4 cups
1/4 pound blue cheese, crumbled = 1 cup
12 to 14 egg yolks = 1 cup
8 to 10 egg whites = 1 cup
1 pound walnuts in shell = 1 1/2 to 1 3/4 cups shelled
1 pound almonds in shell = 3/4 to 1 cup shelled
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Can Sizes

Can Size... = Measurement
8 ounce = 1 cup
Picnic = 1 1/4 cups or 10 1/2 to 12 ounces
12 ounce vacuum = 1 1/2 cups
No. 300 = 1 1/4 cups or 14 to 16 ounces
No 303 = 2 cups or 16 to 17 ounces
No. 2 = 2 1/2 cups or 20 ounces
No. 2 1/2 = 3 1/2 cups or 29 ounces
No. 3 cylinder = 5 1/4 cups or 46 fluid ounces
No. 10 = 12 to 13 cups or
6 pounds 8 ounces to 7 pounds 5 ounces
(equal to 7 No. 303 cans or 5 No. 2 cans)
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Emergency Substitutions

Recipe Calls for... Use This Instead
1 cup cake flour = 1 cup minus 2 Tablespoons all purpose flour
1 whole egg = 2 egg yolks (in custards)
1 Tablespoon cornstarch (for thickening) = 2 tablespoons flour or 4 teaspoons flour or 4 teaspoons quick cooking tapioca
1 square (1 oz) unsweetened chocolate = 3 tablespoons cocoa (regular type, dry) plus 1 tablespoon butter or margarine
1 teaspoon baking powder = 1/4 teaspoon baking soda plus 1/2 cup buttermilk or sour milk (to replace 1/2 cup of liquid called for in recipe
1 tablespoon fresh snipped herbs = 1 teaspoon dried herbs
1 small fresh onion = 1 tablespoon instant minced onion, rehydrated
1 cake compressed yeast = 1 package or 2 teaspoons active dry yeast
1 teaspoon dry mustard = 1 tablespoon prepared mustard
1 cup whole milk = 1/2 cup evaporated milk plus 1/2 cup water or 1 cup reconstituted nonfat dry milk plus 2 1/2 teaspoons butter or margarine
1 clove garlic = 1/8 teaspoon garlic powder
1 cup tomato juice = 1/2 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup water
1 cup sour milk or buttermilk = 1 tablespoon lemon juice or vinegar plus sweet milk to make 1 cup (let stand 5 min)
1 cup catsup or chili sauce = 1 cup tomato sauce plus 1/2 cup sugar and 2 tablespoons vinegar (for use in cooked mixture

BROTH

 1 bouillon cube = 1 tsp bouillon granules dissolved in 1 cup boiling water = 1 cup canned broth;

1 cup beef broth = 1 tsp beef extract + 1 cup boiling water;

1 cup fish broth = 1 cup bottled clam juice = 1/2 cup chicken broth + 1/2 cup water
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